Photo of Russolo, Ugo Piatti and their \u201Cnoise intoners\u201D

“Photo of Russolo, Ugo Piatti and their “noise intoners” (intonarumori), Milan circa 1920.

These were invented in 1914 to correspond with the theories outlined in this essay. There were ultimately 27 different types of intoners, each producing a unique sound in one of the six “families” listed, including “howlers”, “exploders”, “crumplers”, “hissers”, “scrapers”, etc. Russolo performed several concerts with these in the 1920’s.”- The Niuean Pop Culture Archive